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Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac dysrhythmia in the United States and a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality.1 Even though AF is commonly diagnosed by clinicians; the most appropriate treatment course remains elusive. The main controversy is between controlling the rate versus the rhythm. The ventricular rate is the number of cardiac cycles (systole and diastole) in one minute, normally 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm) in an adult; it can be determined on an electrocardiogram (ecg) by measuring the distance between R waves.2 The rate is typically pharmacologically controlled by beta or calcium channel blockers. A normal sinus rhythm demonstrates an electrical impulse generated by the sinoatrial node or "pacemaker" of the heart and maintains a consistent R-R interval on the ecg.2 AF is associated with an "irregularly irregular" rhythm due to the erratic atrial depolarization and the resulting variable ventricular response.2 AF is expressed on an......

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