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In 1871 the new German Empire was established and became one of the most important developments of the nineteenth century. This essay will outline the historical debate of whether Germany was unified by "coal and iron" or "blood and iron". The contributions of Otto von Bismarck will be looked at as well as economic, nationalist and military factors in the unification of German. Various sources will be used to show historians views on the subject and that of people who were present at the time.

Austria and Prussia where were the two dominant states within the German confederation. The 1848 revolutions had caused an emergence of a middle class who was interested in the political affairs of Germany. It also brought to the forefront Prussia's growing hostility towards Austria. This was heightened even further by Prussia's humiliation at the Erfurt Union. In which the Prussian king had proposed a "Kleindeutschland" approach to uniting Germany, which would be predominantly German and......

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Approximate Word Count: 2814
Approximate Pages: 12 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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