John Bates Clark
John Bates Clark
John Bates Clark was an American economist who lived from 1847-1938. He
played an important role in the development of marginal productivity, and had a
great influence on the development of economic thought in the United States.
Clark was educated at Amherst College and at the University of Heidelberg in
Germany. He taught at Carlton College in Northfield, Minnesota from 1875 to
1881. He then moved on to teach at Smith College, Amherst, Johns Hopkins and
Columbia from which he retired in 1923.
In formulating the Neoclassical theory of the firm, John Bates Clark
took over the classical categories of land, labor, and capital and simplified
them in two ways, this simplification was the theory of marginal productivity.
First, he assumed that all labor is homogenous, which meant that one labor hour
is a perfect substitute for any other labor hour, but when marginal productivity
was decreasing, the industry found it more profitable to replace labor with
machinery.......
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