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1 Introduction

1.1 Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

"There is Plenty of Room at the Bottom"

by the physician and Nobel prize winner Richard Feynman, 29.12.1959 1

Nanoscience and nanotechnology if a field of science and technology deal with syn-
thesis, study of properties and assembly and fabrication of structures and matter at the nano-
meter scale or sizes of about 1×10-9 to about 100×10-9 m. The relation from a nm to a meter is
like the diameter of a hazelnut to the diameter of the earth. The new effect of nanometer size
results in new properties2 and unique properties that are neither of bulk nor of
atomic/molecular. Some of these unique properties include:

• New quantum mechanical and quantum size effects
• Higher surface area that is useful for catalysis
• Molecular recognition
• Increased magnetic susceptibility
• Size and shape dependent optical absorption

"Bottom-up" synthetic methods involving self-assembly of atomic......

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Approximate Word Count: 342
Approximate Pages: 2 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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