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A paradigm can be described as a set of beliefs regarding how the world operates/functions. Paradigms can be thought of as models or patterns for thinking about or valuing a situation, or as a framework that identifies a set of rules we live by. Reese, in the Dictionary of Philosophy and Religion, stated that a paradigm came from the Greek word, paradeigma, meaning "a pattern, model, or plan."
The modern use of the word "paradigm" is most commonly traceable to the ideas of the late Harvard-affiliated scientist and philosopher, Thomas Kuhn. Thomas Kuhn described a paradigm as "...a constellation of concepts, values, perceptions and practices shared by a community which forms a particular vision of reality that is the basis of the way a community organises itself." the Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962)
In terms of research paradigms provide philosophical, theoretical, instrumental, and methodological foundations for conducting research and, in addition, provide researchers......

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