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Genetics

(a) An organism that is heterozygous at two genetic loci on different chromosomes has alleles that are transmitted by the process of mitosis. To begin with, there are four phases that the cell must go through in order for it to grow, replicate DNA, and divide. These four phases consist of Gap 1, Synthesis, Gap 2, and mitosis. In Gap 1 it is basically resting and it is where cellular growth occurs, thus doubling organelle mass membranes and cytoplasm. Synthesis is where DNA replication or in other words the DNA is doubled. Gap 2 is where they make sure DNA is ready and is preparing for mitosis. Mitosis is the division of DNA into two masses, thus DNA and cell mass is divided into two daughter cells. Mitosis includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Chromosomes must be replicated prior to mitosis. Each contains 1000's of genes which code for proteins, thus being very thin and fragile. They are packaged with proteins called histones. DNA wraps around histones though being......


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Approximate Word Count: 729
Approximate Pages: 3 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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