Sex Chromosomes
In humans, the sex of an individual is determined by the type of sex chromosomes a person has. Most men have an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father. Most women receive an X chromosome from their mother and an X chromosome from their father. There are exceptions to this rule, such as an XO woman (Turner's syndrome), who receives only a single X from one of her parents and fails to receive a second X because of nondisjunction in her parent's sex chromosomes during meiosis. This might occur, for example, when in egg formation the mother's XX chromosomes fail to separate, resulting in one gamete receiving two X chromosomes and another gamete receiving no X chromosome. If a sperm fertilizes the egg that has no X chromosome, then the resulting zygote becomes an XO girl. Turner's syndrome affects about 1 out of every 3,000 female births. These females are characterized by having skin flaps on the back of their necks, and are sterile.
On the other hand, if......
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