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Emile Durkheim, a French psychologist writes in the latter part of the eighteenth century and early part of the nineteenth century. He undertakes a functionalist/ structural perspective when applying theory to understand the world; he views society as a system of interrelated parts with widespread consensus about core values and suitable forms of behaviour – if something exists then it must have a function and a purpose to society.

In Durkheim’s work ‘The Division of Labour (1964)’ he argued that in rural farming societies people generally tend to be involved in similar activities so the division of labour is therefore minimal. This results in people developing similar ideas, goals, hobbies a, interests and values; they share a ‘collective conscience’ This collective conscience produces ‘mechanical solidarity’ which is what Durkheim suggests is the social force holding these agricultural societies together. Industrialisation and urbanisation weaken the......

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Approximate Word Count: 1929
Approximate Pages: 8 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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