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Trompenaars’s Dimensions

Universalism vs. Particularism

Universalism is the belief in:

rules or laws that can be applied to everyone;
agreements and contracts are used as the basis for doing business;
rules are used to determine what is right;
contracts should not be altered.

Particularism is the belief in:

placing emphasis on friendships and looking at the situation to determine what is right or ethically
acceptable
deals are made based upon friendships;
agreements are changeable;
different people hold different views about reality.

Individualism vs. Collectivism

Individualism is characterized by:

frequent use of “I�,
decision are made on the spot by representatives,
people ideally achieve alone and assume personal responsibility,
vacations taken in pairs or even alone vs. group orientation.

Collectivism is characterized by:

frequent use of “we�
decisions referred back by the delegates to the organization
people ideally achieve......

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Approximate Word Count: 677
Approximate Pages: 3 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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