Environmental Management Systems
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Runoff
When rain or snow falls onto the earth, it just doesn't sit there -- it starts moving according to the laws of gravity. A portion of the precipitation seeps into the ground to replenish Earth's ground water. Most of it flows downhill as runoff. Runoff is extremely important in that not only does it keep rivers and lakes full of water, but it also changes the landscape by the action of erosion. Before runoff can occur, precipitation must satisfy the demands of evaporation, interception, infiltration, surface storage, surface detention and channel detention. Runoff will occur only when the rate of precipitation exceeds the rate at which water may infiltrate into the soil. After the infiltration rate is satisfied, water begins to fill the depressions, small and large, on the soil surface. As the depressions are filled, overland flow begins. The depth of water builds up on the surface until it is sufficient to result in runoff in equilibrium......
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