Drug Resistance Mechanisms In Cancer Cells
INTRODUCTION
A major obstacle in the successful treatment of cancer is the development of resistance mechanisms to drug treatment. Various cellular changes that have been implicated in the development of drug resistance in cancer cells include: the increased expressions of P-glycoprotein (a multidrug transport protein) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP-1); increased levels of the cellular detoxification protein, glutathione; and changes in the expression of apoptosis associated proteins such as Bcl-2, FasL and p53, which generally results in promoting cell survival [1,2,3,4].
P-glycoprotein expression is the mechanism mostly associated with classical multidrug resistance (MDR), as this protein is responsible for the active transport of various drugs out of the cell, thereby decreasing drug accumulation [1,3]. Not much is known in regards to how MRP-1 confers multidrug resistance, a notable exception is that its expression has been associated with a decrease in......
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