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Birth defects, or congenital
malformations, are the faulty formation of
structures or body parts present at birth.
Sporadic, hereditary, or acquired defects may be
immediately observed or may become manifest
later in life; they may be visible on the body
surface or present internally. Birth defects may be
life threatening and require surgical correction, or
they may interfere with function or appearance. It
is estimated that about 3% of all children are born
with major defects; minor defects or variations are
estimated to occur in 10% to 15% of births.
Malformations may be single or multiple. Multiple
malformations that occur in a regular recognizable
pattern are referred to as syndromes--for
example, the FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
sometimes observed in infants of mothers who
drank heavily when pregnant. Birth defects may
result from the action of genes, chromosomes, or
the environment on the developing fetus, but often
the cause cannot be determined. Inherited......

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Approximate Word Count: 728
Approximate Pages: 3 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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