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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Prevalence 3.6-8.0% of U.S. adults
May occur at any age; triggered by trauma
Women more likely affected
Minority groups have much higher rates of PTSD than do non-Hispanic white persons
30% of the men and women who have spent time in the war zones

Pathophysiology
Reduced hippocampal volume among those exposed to combat trauma, sexual assault, or MVA's

Increased regional cerebral blood flow to limbic and paralimbic areas esp. right amygdala, decreased blood flow to Broca's area in the left temporal lobe

Sympathetic nervous system activation
Autonomic hyperresponsiveness to both neutral and trauma-related stimuli
Elevated urinary catecholamine levels
Downregulation of beta- and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors
Increased reactivity to the alpha-2 antagonist, yohimbine
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical mobilization

Lower urinary cortisol levels

Elevated lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor......

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Approximate Word Count: 980
Approximate Pages: 4 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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