Public Goods
The various goods in the economy can be grouped according to two characteristics, which are excludability and rivalry in consumption (Mankiw, 2007). Excludability is the property of a good whereby a person can be prevented from using it (Mankiw, 2007). Rivalry in consumption is the property of a good whereby one person's use diminishes other people's use (Mankiw, 2007).
Public goods are non-excludable and non-rival in consumption (Colander, 2004). Examples of public goods are street lights and road signs. Common resources are non-excludable but rival in consumption (Mankiw, 2007). Examples of common resources are public parks and waiting area in post office.
If one person were to provide a public good, other people would be better off (Mankiw, 2007). They would receive a benefit without paying for it a positive externality (Mankiw, 2007). If one person uses a common resource, other people are worse off (Mankiw, 2007). They suffer a loss but are not compensated for it a......
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